The selection of welding equipment is an important part of the formulation of welding process, which involves many factors, but the following factors should be paid attention to.

1.被焊結構的技術(shù)要求

1. Technical requirements for welded structure

被焊結構的技術(shù)要求包括被焊結構的材料特性、結構特點(diǎn)、尺寸、精度要求和結構的使用條件等。

The technical requirements of the welded structure include the material characteristics, structural characteristics, dimensions, accuracy requirements and service conditions of the welded structure.

如果焊接結構材料為普通低碳鋼，選用弧焊變壓器即可;如果焊接結構要求較高，并且要求低氫型焊條焊接，則要選用直流弧焊機。

If the welding structure material is ordinary low carbon steel, arc welding transformer can be selected; If the requirements for welding structure are high and low hydrogen electrode welding is required, DC arc welding machine shall be selected.

如果是厚大件焊接，則可使用電渣焊機;如果是棒材對接，可選用冷壓焊機和電阻對焊機。對活*金屬或合金、耐熱合金和耐腐蝕合金，根據具體情況，可選用惰性氣體保護焊機、等離子弧焊機、電子束焊機等。

If thick and large parts are welded, electroslag welding machine can be used; In case of bar butt welding, cold press welding machine and resistance butt welding machine can be selected. For live metal or alloy, heat-resistant alloy and corrosion-resistant alloy, inert gas shielded welding machine, plasma arc welding machine, electron beam welding machine, etc. can be selected according to specific conditions.

對于大批量結構形式和尺寸固定的焊接結構，可以選用專(zhuān)用焊機。

For large quantities of welding structures with fixed structure and size, special welding machines can be selected.

2.實(shí)際使用情況

2. Actual use

不同的焊接設備，可以焊接同一焊件，這就要根據實(shí)際使用情況，選擇較為合適的焊接設備。

Different welding equipment can weld the same weldment, so it is necessary to select more appropriate welding equipment according to the actual use.

如在野外焊接時(shí)缺泛電源和氣源，則只能選擇柴(汽)油直流弧焊發(fā)電機等弧焊發(fā)電機作為焊接設備。

In case of lack of flood power and gas source during field welding, only diesel (steam) oil DC arc welding generator and other arc welding generator can be selected as welding equipment.

對焊后不允許再加工或熱處理的精密焊件，應選用能*集中、不需添加填充金屬材料、熱影響區較少、精密度高的電子束焊機。

For precision weldments that are not allowed to be reprocessed or heat treated after butt welding, electron beam welding machines with * concentration, no need to add filler metal materials, less heat affected zone and high precision shall be selected.

3.經(jīng)濟效益

3. Economic benefits

焊接時(shí)，焊接設備的能源消耗是相當可觀(guān)的。選用焊接設備時(shí)，應考慮在滿(mǎn)足工藝要求的前提下，盡可能選用耗電少、功率因素高的焊接設備。

When welding, the energy consumption of welding equipment is considerable. When selecting welding equipment, it shall be considered to select welding equipment with low power consumption and high power factor as far as possible on the premise of meeting the process requirements.

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